Biomedical Publications FROM PR

Nuclear medium effects on B^{+} meson production are studied using the binary-collision scaled cross section ratio between events of different charged-particle multiplicities from proton-lead collisions. Data, collected by the CMS experiment in 2016 at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 175 nb^{-1}, were used. The scaling factors in the ratio are determined using a novel approach based on the Z→μ^{-}μ^{+} cross sections...

Nitrofurfural is a key building block for the synthesis of antimicrobial nitrofurans as active pharmaceutical ingredients. Its synthesis involves the nitration of furfural, a substrate derived from biobased resources. However, furfural has a delicate heteroaromatic backbone. Typical nitrations involve harsh reaction conditions, which often compromise this structure, resulting in poor reproducibility and low yields. Although acetyl nitrate, a mild nitrating agent, is suitable for this task, major...

The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Second Edition (Y-BOCS-II) is an evidence-based clinician-rated measure for assessing the presence and severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The Spanish version of the Y-BOCS-II has not yet been validated. The present study examines the psychometric properties of the Spanish Y-BOCS-II (Spanish-Y-BOCS-II) in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who are of Hispanic/Latino ancestry. The Spanish-Y-BOCS-II was administered to 1805 adults with...

In the rapidly advanced and evolving information technology industry, adequate client engagement plays a critical role as it is very important to understand the client's concerns, and requirements, have the records, authorizations, and go-ahead of previously agreed requirements, and provide the feasible solution accordingly. Previously multiple solutions have been proposed to enhance the efficiency of client engagement, but they lack traceability, trust, transparency, and conflict in agreements...

Decomposition of plant litter is a key ecological process in streams, whose contribution to the global carbon cycle is large relative to their extent on Earth. We examined the mechanisms underlying the temperature sensitivity (TS) of instream decomposition and forecast effects of climate warming on this process. Comparing data from 41 globally distributed sites, we assessed the TS of microbial and total decomposition using litter of nine plant species combined in six mixtures. Microbial...

The small G-protein Rac1 is a central player in cancer progression and metastatic dissemination. Rac1 has been established as a bona fide effector of receptor tyrosine kinases, acting as a signaling node for motility, invasiveness, mitogenesis, and gene expression. Previous studies demonstrated that Rac1 is hyperactivated in aggressive cellular models of prostate cancer. Here, we show that CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout of Rac1 leads to impaired prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration....

Global risk maps are an important tool for assessing the global threat of mosquito and tick-transmitted arboviral diseases. Public health officials increasingly rely on risk maps to understand the drivers of transmission, forecast spread, identify gaps in surveillance, estimate disease burden, and target and evaluate the impact of interventions. Here, we describe how current approaches to mapping arboviral diseases have become unnecessarily siloed, ignoring the strengths and weaknesses of...

Excessive intracellular labile iron levels exacerbate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through the Fenton reaction, leading to lipid peroxidation and ferroptotic cell death. Ferroptosis is commonly induced experimentally using chemical inhibitors such as RSL3 (a GPX4 inhibitor) or erastin (an inhibitor of the cystine-glutamate exchanger, Xc-) or by cysteine deprivation. However, these methods often fail to replicate the physiological complexity of ferroptosis and are associated with...

CONCLUSION: This case represents a unique instance of concurrent chondroblastoma and supraspinatus tear in adolescents with its successful surgical management presented as a novel approach without prior literature.

Chronically elevated circulating excess free fatty acids (i.e. lipotoxicity) is a pathological process implicated in several metabolic disorders, including obesity-driven Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Lipotoxicity exerts detrimental effects on pancreatic islet β-cells by reducing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), altering β-cell transcriptional identity, and promoting apoptosis. While β-cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV) have been shown to contribute to β-cell failure in T2D,...

Psychiatric disorders are highly heritable and polygenic, influenced by environmental factors and often comorbid. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) through consortium efforts have identified genetic risk loci and revealed the underlying biology of psychiatric disorders and traits. However, over 85% of psychiatric GWAS participants are of European ancestry, limiting the applicability of these findings to non-European populations. Latin America and the Caribbean, regions marked...

Examining the cues and drivers influencing seed production is crucial to better understand forest resilience to climate change. We explored the effects of five climatic variables on seed production over 22 years in an everwet Amazonian forest, by separating direct effects of these variables from indirect effects mediated through flower production. We observed a decline in seed production over the study period, which was primarily explained by direct effects of rising nighttime temperatures and...

ABSTRACT: Competition over access to resources, such as food and mates, is one of the major costs associated with group living. Two socioecological factors believed to drive the intensity of competition are group size and sex ratio. However, empirical evidence linking these factors to physical aggression and injuries is scarce. Here, we leveraged 10 years of data from free-ranging female and male rhesus macaques to test whether group size and adult sex ratio predicted the risk of inter and...

Lupus cystitis is an uncommon, yet serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) marked by inflammation of the bladder and associated with significant urinary tract manifestations. The diagnosis of lupus cystitis can be very challenging as it often appears before the diagnosis of lupus has been established. This report presents the case of a 36-year-old male patient with a history of SLE admitted with gastrointestinal (GI) and urinary symptoms who was subsequently diagnosed with...

We review the status of the QED calculations for the muonium 2 S 1 / 2 - 2 P 3 / 2 energy interval and provide the updated theoretical value of 9874.357(1) MHz . Additionally, we present a model for probing Lorentz-violating coefficients within the Standard Model Extension framework using the fine structure measurement in the presence and absence of a weak external magnetic field, enabling novel tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetry. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we estimate that a precision...

The four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4) and the related Zika flavivirus (ZIKV) are major public health concerns worldwide. Primary immunity against ZIKV increases the risk of a subsequent severe DENV2 infection, presenting a significant challenge for developing safe and effective ZIKV vaccines. However, the mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain unclear. Leveraging our long-standing Pediatric Dengue Cohort Study in Nicaragua, we show that serum anti-NS1 IgA antibodies elicited after a...

Communities of people living with or impacted by HIV have been at the forefront of HIV research, from identifying the health priorities to advocating for the development and implementation of interventions that benefit affected populations and individuals. Community engagement is considered fundamental for successful implementation of science projects. However, researchers have acknowledged the limited guidance on community engagement for implementation science research. Some recommendations...

HIV continues to affect populations made socially vulnerable, including Latinx groups. For Spanish-speaking people, there are additional social factors that increase their vulnerability. How we communicate, mainly language, is fundamental to achieving expected outcomes when implementing health interventions. In this article, we address the issue of language justice and how it has been applied to meet the needs of Spanish-speaking Latinx populations in different locations in the United States...

CONCLUSION: Both types of households experienced food insecurity during the pandemic. No relationship between food insecurity, disability, and health status was observed in the study sample. All the participants reported low physical and mental health.

CONCLUSION: Breast and colorectal cancer patients experienced heightened psychological distress due to exposure to various hurricane-related stressors. It is crucial to prioritize an action plan that addresses disaster preparedness, response, and the mental well-being of vulnerable populations like cancer patients to enhance their overall health and resilience.