Biomedical Publications FROM PR

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Ergosterol peroxide (EP) triggers apoptosis pathways by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TNBC cell lines. Excess ROS production is associated with major damage to mitochondria. We hypothesized that EP may act through ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, we performed a series of assays that assessed mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cellular respiration, and glycolysis in TNBC models. Cardiomyocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells were chosen as a...

Flaviviruses are a group of viruses transmitted mainly by mosquitoes and ticks, causing severe diseases in humans. Examples include dengue, Zika, West Nile virus, and yellow fever. They primarily affect individuals in tropical and subtropical regions, causing public health problems such as epidemic outbreaks and significant economic burdens due to hospitalizations and treatments. They share antigens, leading to cross-reactivity where antibodies generated against one flavivirus can react with...

CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that mFhSAP-2 retained its immunogenicity and Th1-polarizing properties, which were enhanced by the Montanide ISA50 adjuvant. The present study highlights the feasibility of inducing Th1-associated immune responses in mice using mFhSAP-2 as an antigen. Further studies are required to assess the potential application of the mFhSAP-2+ISA50 formulation as a vaccine against F. hepatica in natural hosts such as cattle and sheep, which could contribute to improved...

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by impaired mucociliary clearance, leading to recurrent respiratory tract infections, chronic rhinosinusitis, and progressive bronchiectasis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen associated with poorer clinical outcomes in patients with PCD. While environmental sources of P. aeruginosa are well-documented in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, to our knowledge, this is the first reported case implicating...

CONCLUSION: Surgery refusal in patients with MCC was related to poorer OS outcomes and was more common among older individuals, those treated at community cancer centers, and those with late-stage cancer. Interventions that address patient concerns and obstacles to surgery are crucial for increasing surgery acceptance and survival in these populations.

Bacteriological water quality monitoring is of utmost importance for safeguarding public health against waterborne diseases. Traditional methods such as membrane filtration (MF), multiple tube fermentation (MTF), and enzyme-based assays are effective in detecting fecal contamination indicators, but their time-consuming nature and reliance on specialized equipment and personnel pose significant limitations. This paper introduces a novel, portable, and cost-effective UV-LED/RGB water quality...

CONCLUSIONS: Laser-assisted debonding provides a safe and predictable method for replacing failing composite veneers with ceramic alternatives, aligning with contemporary biomimetic principles.

In 2022, the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) launched the first-ever dental education-wide climate assessment survey to establish baseline data on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). This article aims to highlight the historical role of ADEA in supporting oral health education while building the inclusive capacity of leaders and advancing its organizational mission and vision in promoting DEI. The survey is a significant step in assisting academic dentistry in promoting a more...

The aim of this study was to assess the overall climate in US dental schools and allied dental programs. The inaugural American Dental Education Association Climate Study was sent to all US and Canadian dental schools and allied dental programs in 2022. The survey was open to all students, faculty, and staff members in the Commission on Dental Accreditation-accredited dental schools and allied dental education programs in the United States and Canada. The survey questionnaire assessed aspects of...

Background: Micro- and macroabrasion represent a minimally invasive treatment approach for stained teeth in the esthetic zone. Diagnosing the type of stain is crucial for selecting the appropriate treatment approach. These clinical procedures involve several meticulous steps that may be confusing for less experienced clinicians. Methods: The objective of this article is to provide an updated review of the literature on the clinical procedures for micro- and macroabrasion and to present a...

BackgroundHigh cardiorespiratory fitness has been associated with greater neuroplasticity, and slower neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in healthy adults. Yet, less is known about whether low-to-intermediate cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower markers of disease progression in the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD).ObjectiveWe investigated whether cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with plasma biomarkers for AD-related pathology, neural injury and astrocyte...

High rates of trauma are documented among individuals convicted of a sex offense. Public attitudes toward these individuals tend to be negative and often shape legislative responses and policies regarding sex offending sentencing and treatment. However, less is known regarding whether public attitudes may consider trauma and its relevance as a potential treatment target for those convicted of a sex offense. This study explored community member attitudes toward individuals convicted of a sex...

The fracture behavior of rocks on asteroids offers insights into the evolution and dynamics of their boulders and regolith while providing critical data for developing hazard mitigation strategies. Information about the mechanical properties of asteroidal boulders primarily comes from laboratory studies of meteorites. This study examines the fracture mechanics of an ordinary chondrite (OC) using an innovative combination of experimental and computational methods to create models for the...

CONCLUSION: Our study presents a realistic assessment of promising models that are dependable in aiding physicians. The study shows the performance of various models based on the classification metrics computed for each model. It is evident from the results that the artificial neural network (ANN) performs better, irrespective of the sampling techniques used. With these machine learning models, types of migraines can be classified with high accuracy and reliability, enabling physicians to make...

Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the gold standard for vascular access among patients requiring hemodialysis; however, AVF have high primary failure rates. Novel approaches and technologies to improve AVF patency include modifications to open approaches, such as the radial artery deviation and reimplantation fistula, and percutaneous approaches, such as the endovascular AVF. Despite these advances, these modifications are limited in reducing neointimal hyperplasia, stenosis, or thrombosis, and...

This report describes the cases of two siblings who both experienced reduced visual acuity in both eyes since adolescence, along with night blindness and progressive peripheral vision loss. Fundus photography revealed a "salt-and-pepper" appearance around the macula, consistent with rod-cone dystrophy, while fluorescein angiography showed neovascularization of the optic disc and mid-peripheral retina. Optical coherence tomography showed parafoveal macular thickening, mild intraretinal fluid, and...

CONCLUSIONS: This review identified only Spine IQ as a dedicated chiropractic clinical outcomes registry, revealing a significant gap in registry infrastructure within the profession globally. The profession should explore the development of registries to enhance care quality, societal impact, and opportunities for collaborative research.

Currently there are no surgical solutions to restore vision in the irreversibly blind. Whole eye transplantation (WET), is an appealing surgical approach for restoration, replacement, and reconstruction of nonfunctioning eyes. Development of a reliable animal model to test the integrity and functionality of the transplanted eye is an essential step towards clinical whole eye transplantation. This study presents a feasible vascularized orthotopic eye transplantation preclinical rat model to study...

CONCLUSIONS: While significant progress has been made in reducing cancer incidence and mortality among Puerto Rico's oldest residents, challenges persist. Policies improving healthcare access could help reduce the burden of cancer incidence and mortality among Puerto Rico's aging population. Data revealing disaggregated ethnicity and nationality beyond Hispanic/Latino could further inform targeted efforts to advance cancer equity across the U.S.